Re: Resveratrol content of wines?

Jul 19, 2004 17 Replies

Apparantly Creasy did some studies on this which is mentioned in the following aticle. However, I wouldn't expect any wines other than Pinot Noir to have significant resveratrol content...



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I'm looking for research showing resveratrol content of wines other than
> Pinot Noir and not grown in NY State. These studies (at bottom) have
> covered those bases.
>
> I'm hoping to find a high-resveratrol-content Shiraz, or something else
> that's chewier than (as per my perception) the thin and insubstantial Pinot > Noir.
>
> You on-topic responses would be appreciated.
> Thank you kindly.
>
>
>
> NY Wines Higest in Resveratrol
>
> The type of wine with by far the highest resveratrol levels was pinot noir,
> with 11 of the 17 New York wines registering above 10 µM. For pinot noir,
> the average levels were 13.6 µM for New York, 11 µM for all non-New York
> and 10.1 µM for California.
>
> Variations were striking in the cabernet sauvignon category. New York wine
> had an average of 8.3 µM in this category, with all non-New York cabernet
> sauvignons at 3.7 µM, and California's at 1.7 µM. New York cabernet
> sauvignon Francs averaged 8.6 µM, but non-New York wines were not analyzed
> for comparison in this category.
>
> New York merlots averaged 6.5 µM compared with all non-New York merlots at
> 4.7 µM and California merlots at 5.3 µM.
>
> New York wines also had the highest individual levels in each of these
> categories, with one merlot at 10.7 µM, a cabernet sauvignon at 19.2 µM, a
> pinot noir at 46.1 µM, a New York cabernet Franc at 16.9 µM and a lemberger
> at 15.3 µM.
>
>
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>
> --
>
> Nature. 425, 191-196, 2003.
>
> Next, we assessed whether resveratrol could activate SIRT1 in vivo.
> One known target of SIRT1 is lysine 382 of p53 (K382). Deacetylation of
> this residue by SIRT1 decreases the activity and half-life of p53, and
> increases cell survival under a variety of DNA damaging conditions8?10.
> Treatment of cells with a low concentration (0.5mM) of resveratrol
> increased cell survival after ionizing irradiation (Fig. 4b). To test
> whether this was due to modulation of SIRT1 activity, we
> generated an antibody that specifically recognizes the acetylated form of
> p53-K382 (Ac-K382) (Fig. 4c and data not shown). U2OS cells treated with
> 0.5mM resveratrol showed a marked decrease (about 75%) in the level of
> Ac-K382 (Fig. 4d; see also Supplementary Fig. 4a). At higher concentrations
> of resveratrol (.50mM) the effect was reversed (Fig. 4d and data not
> shown), which may explain the dichotomy in the literature regarding the
> effects of resveratrol on cell viability17,27,28.
> Treatment of HEK 293 cells with resveratrol led to a dose-dependent
> decrease in Ac-K382 levels that was diminished by overexpression of a
> dominantnegative SIRT1 allele (see Fig. 4e and Supplementary Fig. 4b).
> These data strongly indicate that resveratrol can promote cell survival by
> stimulating SIRT1 in vivo.
>
> ALSO SEE:
>
>
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>
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04-06-28-1

What is your source? Cocoa is rich in several phenols but I have never seen resveratrol mentioned as one of them;-(

What is your source? Cocoa is rich in several phenols but I have never seen resveratrol mentioned as one of them;-(

This abstract compares the antioxidant capacities of several foods including cocoa which tested the highest. They claim that the antioxidant capacity is highly correlated with the phenolic phytochemical content but this still does not proove that cocoa has more resveratrol than red wine.

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640573

From the above:

"Black tea, green tea, red wine, and cocoa are high in phenolic phytochemicals, among which theaflavin, epigallocatechin gallate, resveratrol, and procyanidin ..."

Me either. He probably got confused about the fact that cocoa has a higher total antioxidant capacity than tea or wine, which of course says nothing about its content (or lack thereof) of resveratrol.

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640573

"Thus, our results demonstrate that cocoa has a high flavonoid content and substantial antioxidant capacity: on a per-serving basis 4-5 times stronger than that of black tea, 2-3 times stronger than green tea, and almost 2 times stronger than red wine."

Doesn't matter which has higher levels of resveratrol since it's conjugated on absorption. I am unawares of any study that looks at the benefits, or lack thereof, of these conjugates. ;-)

Darryl.

have

has a

course

resveratrol.

content

4-5 times

tea,

it's

looks at

The only kind of conjugation I know is that like "amo, amas, amat..." Can you explain what the kind you're talking about is, please?

In addition, this was an in vitro study and therefore has questionable real-world relevance. A more accurate comparison of antioxidant potency would be to give subjects hot cocoa, red wine, or tea and then measure total antioxidant capacity in plasma/serum. Or perhaps even better, to measure markers of damage to proteins/lipids/DNA over time under carefully controlled dietary conditions.

And even that kind of study wouldn't include effects of the antioxidants on reducing lipid hydroperoxides in the stomach prior to digestion/absorption from a high-fat meal. Proanthocyanidins from grapes/wine appear to have a significant advantage in this respect compared to tea polyphenols, since grape proanthocyanidins retain their lipid peroxide-quenching ability even in the low pH of the stomach:

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728810

Conjugation of the drug occurs during first pass metabolism and in this case, resveratrol is conjugated as the glucuronide or sulfate. These conjugates have greater water solubility (for excretion via the kidneys) and are often less active than the parent compound.

"...it seems that the potential health benefits of these compounds based upon the _in vitro_ activities of the unconjugated compounds are unrealistic and have been greatly exaggerated. Indeed, the profusion of papers describing such activities can legitimately be described as irrelevant and misleading. Henceforth, investigations of this nature should focus upon the potential health benefits of their glucuronide and sulfate conjugates."

Clin. Biochem. 36 (2003) 79-87.

Henceforth. Heh.

Darryl.

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Resveratrol is included as one of many "phenolic phytochemicals", but this is not to say that chocolate specifically contains resveratrol. Read the entire sentence again very carefully.

in

sulfate.

via the

OK, thanks. I think I'll just have to take your word for it.

And yet, at least one individual has meticulously documented decreased body temperature, decreased blood pressure, and decreased blood pressure correlated with oral resveratrol supplementation.

I haven't taken the time to verify these claims or track down the studies, but I thought this was interesting. One manufacturer of resveratrol has a lengthy rebuttal of the above study, the giste of which is that inclusion of quercetin inhibits liver conjugation, allowing significant amounts of resveratrol to get through 1st-pass liver metabolism unconjugated. Although its plasma half-life is still very short, the company claims that its effects should be measured in terms of gene activation rather than half-life. LEF would seem to agree, since their resveratrol product contains a hefty dose of quercetin. The link to the longevinex article:

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"Three previous studies conducted at the Medical School in Pisa, Italy, reveal that while resveratrol undergoes metabolic processes called sulphation and glucuronidation in the liver and duodenum which limits its availability in living tissues, quercetin, a companion antioxidant to resveratrol in red wine, inhibits sulphation and glucuronidation and significantly improves the bioavailability of resveratrol. [Xenobiotica 30: 609-17, 857-66, 1047-54, 2000]"

"All red wine (resveratrol) pills should be provided with quercetin, since many studies confirm there are health benefits derived from moderate red wine consumption but there is not one published study that confirms any health benefits for conventionally made red wine (resveratrol) pills," says Sardi.

Researchers also report injected resveratrol is only measurable in the blood circulation up to 30 minutes after injection and then is rapidly dissipated. "This is true, but the biological activity of resveratrol should not be evaluated by blood levels but on its ability to work at the genetic level, switching on or off certain genes," says Sardi. [Nature. 2003; 425:191-6, 2003]

Considering the length to which I was pursued in proving that their depiction of resveratrol was incorrect (the good old days with Stuart), I take everything mentioned on that website with a grain of bioperine. The incorrect structure was later removed.

I don't have immediate access to Xenobiotica--they sound like interesting articles.

TTYL, Darryl.

Ken, What he was saying is that, when ingested by humans, resveratrol is chemically altered in the liver, either by attachment of a sugar or a sulfate group to one or more of the three phenolic oxygens present in the resveratrol molecule. FWIW, this is basically the purpose of the liver: to metabolize in any of several ways the stuff that we ingest (such as the metabolism of alcohol to fat, f'rinstance).

Mark Lipton

Hi Darryl, how's it feel to have aged 365 days while I've only aged about 240?

:-)

Stuart

Were you traveling near the speed of light for awhile? Or, were you cryogenically frozen for 125 days?

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